" Digitization 1Digitization-An Impact on the Employment Digitization 2Executive SummaryThe following research proposal has been developed to set the direction for the execution of theactual study. For that reason, the two important project objectives i.e. the analysis of theinfluence of digitization on different business sectors and identification of the research gap. Thescope of the project has also been set to find the impact of digital technology on the employmentprocess of different companies. In order to fulfill these objectives and scope, the past literaturehas briefly reviewed in the proposal. Accordingly, the primary and secondary research questionshave been designed for the future direction of the study. Furthermore, the qualitative, as well asquantitative methodologies have been selected for the collection and analysis of market data. Inreference to this, the interviews of HR managers of manufacturing companies have been plannedto conduct. Similarly, the questionnaire survey of employees of manufacturing companies hasalso been intended to perform. Only eight months duration has been set due to the limitation oftime and budget. Digitization 3Table of ContentsExecutive Summary ........................................................................................................................ 21.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 41.2 Project Objectives ..................................................................................................................... 51.3 Project Scope ............................................................................................................................ 51.4 Literature Review...................................................................................................................... 51.5 Research Questions ................................................................................................................... 61.6 Research Design and Methodology .......................................................................................... 7Qualitative Research ................................................................................................................... 7Quantitative Research ................................................................................................................. 71.7 Research Limitations ................................................................................................................ 81.8 Time Schedule .......................................................................................................................... 81.9 Conclusion ................................................................................................................................ 91.10 References ............................................................................................................................. 101.11 Appendices ............................................................................................................................ 11 Digitization 41.1 IntroductionIt has observed from the current performances of the industries that the organization hasdrastically changed in the last few years. The firms have become more efficient and productivein their daily activities. Even the speed of the organization operations has also been increasedeffectively. The actual fact behind all these developments is the emergence of digital technologyin the global market. The acceptance of these technologies in the business sector has improvedthe conditions of traditional functions like manufacturing, recruitment, workforce management,marketing and so on (Westerman, Bonnet and McAfee, 2014). The analyses have identified thatmore than 50% improvement recorded in the internal and external functions of the organization.The implication of online systems and data management software has helped to bringconsistency in the organization performance. Now, businesses can keep a proper record of theiractivities for long-term under limited costs (Mithas, Tafti, and Mitchell, 2013).The major impact of digital technology has occurred in the employment of the companies. Thisis one of the detailed functions of any organization due to multiple steps and measurements.However, the use of the digital system has created ease in the recruitment and selection of newemployees. The firms are nor capable of making proper comparison between different applicantsin order to hire right person (Brynjolfsson and McAfee, 2012). The study has shown that humancapabilities and skills of the organization have enhanced after the revolution of organizationoperations into the digital system. The productivity of employees has been increased by 30% to40% in the last few years. The need of new skills and talents has emerged in the industrialsectors. That is why the employment requirements of the organization have also improvised.Now, the organizations prefer to hire people with the knowledge of the digital system andadvanced technologies (Fitzgerald, Kruschwitz, Bonnet and Welch, 2014).Therefore, the following research will be conducted to find the consequences of digitization overthe employment of the companies. The employee, as well as organization, will be assessed toanalyze how the digitization has transformed the strategies and approaches of the industrialsectors related to employment. Digitization 51.2 Project ObjectivesThe aim of the project is to assess the effect of digital technology on the employment. Therefore,some of the project objectives have developed to accomplish this aim, which is as follows,? To analyze the influence of digitization on the employment system of different industrialsectors.? To identify the gap in the previous research articles. 1.3 Project ScopeThe scope of the research is based on the assessment of different industrial sectors regarding theeffectiveness of digitalization on the employment conditions. In order to find this information,the past journal articles related to using of digital technology in the different companies would beacquired and reviewed thoroughly for the accomplishment of in-depth information. 1.4 Literature ReviewAs per the previous analysis, the process of digitization is the way to convert the operations ofthe firm from manual to automatic. It means the industries are now capable of performing theirbusiness activities with high efficiency. The digital technologies like smart phones, onlinesocializing and communication system, cloud computing, social media and others havecompletely transformed the traditional working system of the industries. Accordingly, thedigitization has enhanced the employment conditions of the each business sector. The concept ofonline working has also introduced in the market after the invention of online technology. Now,people have opportunity to work from home on flexible hours (Heeks, 2013).In the different industries, the use of advanced technology has become a priority to manage theemployment system and policies. Now, employers and employees are capable to make bettercoordination with each other. It has observed that the use of digital technology has increased themoral of workers towards their work responsibility. Since, the proper mechanism of feedbackhas emerged in the industries. Due to this situation, the management is able to keepsimultaneously control over the performance of each employee. Furthermore, the mobileDigitization 6applications have provided a chance for workers to acquire new information and knowledgeaccording to their convenience. The learning process of the employees has become constant andflexible. Consequently, the human productivity in the industries has achieved 40% boost whichis effective for the final outcomes of the companies (Coreynen, Matthyssens and Van Bockhave,2017).According to the previous survey, the 50% job opportunities are related to the informationtechnology. In the OECD countries, 5% to 6% employment opportunities are based on theadvance communication and technological processes (Borowiecki and Navarrete, 2017). Anotherstudy has presented that all industrial sectors i.e. primary, secondary and tertiary have becomedepended on technological systems. The organizations in these sectors have faced the majorchange in the attitude of employees. Especially, in tertiary and primary the employees havegained improvement in their daily activates. Due to this fact, the employees in these industriesare willing to task risk or challenges. The more jobs have created in the industries, which hassupported to improve the economic conditions of the world (Coreynen, Matthyssens and VanBockhave, 2017).The past literature has provided information about the increase in employment in the financial,hospitality, retail, marketing and service sectors. However, there is not information related to theemployment ratio of manufacturing companies after the integration of digital systems andtechnologies. This is the major gap in the study of digitization process of different businesssectors related to employment.1.5 Research QuestionsOn the basis of literature review, the primary and secondary research questions have formulatedfor the appropriate lead of the research. These research questions will help in the cover the gap ofpast literature.Primary Question:? What is the impact of digitization process on the employment system of manufacturingcompanies?Digitization 7Secondary Questions:? What is the contribution of digital technology in the enhancement of organizationperformance of manufacturing firms?? What is the effect of digitization on the efficiency of the employees in manufacturingfirms?1.6 Research Design and MethodologyQualitative ResearchThe Human Resource Managers of the manufacturing companies will be targeted to gather dataabout enhancement in employment after the emergence of digitization processes. The SurveyMonkey sample size calculator has used to calculate the sample size of the qualitative study. Theauthor has used average population size 100; confidence level 95% and margin of error 5% (seethe appendix number 1). Accordingly, total 80 sample size has acquired after calculations.However, only 10 managers will be approached due to time and cost limitation. This data will becollected through the implementation of face to face interview. The place and time of theinterview sessions will be set according to the convenience of the HR managers. Each sessionwill be recorded on the mobile phone recorder in order to maintain validity in the end results andfindings. The permission from the managers will be taken for the recording of discussions duringinterviews. The open-ended questions will be used to collect detailed information. Quantitative ResearchThe quantitative research will be performed through the market survey of employees ofmanufacturing companies. There are more than thousand employees in the market; however,only 370 will be approached to gather primary data. This sample size has calculated throughSurvey Monkey sample size calculator by putting population size 10000, confidence level 95%and 5% error margin (see the appendix number 2). The closed-ended questions will be presentedin the questionnaire for the acquisition of valid and clear responses. Total 20 questions will beasked to attain a good amount of data about the impact of digitization on employment. However,these questionnaires will be developed after the literature review in the need to find researchDigitization 8variable. These questionnaires will be presented through a direct approach. It means themanufacturing companies will be visited to gather employees’ responses. The reason behind theselection of direct approach is to maintain the authenticity and validity of the data. 1.7 Research Limitations The development of current research was quite difficult for the researcher due to the emergenceof some common limitations. ? The biggest problem for the author was the availability of limited duration for thecompletion of an entire study. The eight months period was not enough for theacquisition of detailed analysis. Due to this restriction, the author has failed to reach alarge number of audiences for the collection of data. ? The second hurdle was related to the budget of the research. It is because the entire costof the study was not enough to access online sources with charges or fees. The authorwas unable to expand its research in other markets due to budget limitation. 1.8 Time Schedule Task Jun-17 Jul-17 Aug-17 Sep-17 Oct-17 Nov-17 Dec-17 Jan-18 Review of past articles for literature reviewFinalization of research objectives and questions Formation of quantitative and qualitative methods Face to face to interview of HR managers Market survey of employees through questionnaire Analysis of data Finalization of reportOfficial publication Figure 1: Time Table for Research Completion(Source: Author’s Own).Digitization 91.9 ConclusionFor the successful execution of current research, the author has developed research questions andobjectives to assess the impact of digitization on the employment conditions of manufacturingcompanies. This the primary question of the research; however, the secondary research questionshas designed to identify the influence of digitization on the efficiency of employees andperformance of manufacturing firms. In order to accomplish these objectives and questions, themixed methodology has selected. Accordingly, the interview sessions of HR managers and aquestionnaire survey of employees of manufacturing companies has decided to perform. Totaleight months period from July 2017 to Jan 2018 has set to complete the entire research. The twobiggest limitations in the research process are time and budget limitation. That is why only 10managers and 370 employees sample size have decided for data collection. The scope of theresearch is based on the evaluation of the effectiveness of digitization over the organizationperformance of manufacturing companies.Digitization 101.10 ReferencesBorowiecki, K.J., and Navarrete, T., 2017. Digitization of heritage collections as an indicator ofinnovation. Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 26(3), pp.227-246.Brynjolfsson, E., and McAfee, A. (2012). Race against the Machine: How the digital revolutionis accelerating innovation, driving productivity, and irreversibly transformingemployment and the economy. Brynjolfsson and McAfee.Coreynen, W., Matthyssens, P. and Van Bockhaven, W., 2017. Boosting servitization throughdigitization: Pathways and dynamic resource configurations for manufacturers. IndustrialMarketing Management, 60, pp.42-53.Fitzgerald, M., Kruschwitz, N., Bonnet, D., and Welch, M. (2014). Embracing digitaltechnology: A new strategic imperative. MIT sloan management review, 55(2), 1.Heeks, R., 2013. Information technology impact sourcing. Communications of the ACM, 56(12),pp.22-25.Mithas, S., Tafti, A., and Mitchell, W. (2013). How a Firm's Competitive Environment andDigital Strategic Posture Influence Digital Business Strategy. Mis Quarterly, 37(2), 511- 536.Survey Monkey, (2017). Sample Size Calculator. [Online] Available atth <https://www.surveymonkey.com/mp/sample-size-calculator/> [Accessed on 8 June2017].Westerman, G., Bonnet, D., and McAfee, A. (2014). Leading digital: Turning technology intobusiness transformation. Harvard Business Press."