Vanadium

As like Mo, V has inhibiting influence on grain growth at high temperature. Vanadium carbide possesses highest hardness and wears resistance. This enhances fatigue resistance. This is significant constituent of tool steel and might be added to carburizing steel. Harden capability is markedly increased because of V.

Titanium
Addition of Ti in stainless steel doesn’t allow precipitation of Chromium carbide because Ti is stronger carbide former and fixes the Carbon.