MONOSACCHARIDE DERIVATIVES They are modified monosaccharides. GLYCOSIDES They are compounds formed by condensation reaction between a sugar and hydroxyl group of another substance which may be a sugar, a sterol, glycerol, methyl alcohol, etc. Streptomycin is a glycoside. Other medicinally important ones are cardiac glycosides. ALCOHOLIC SUGAR When aldehyde group of monosaccharide is converted into alcohol (OH) group, then it is called alcoholic sugar. Glucose → Sorbitol Mannose → Mannitol Reduction of aldehyde and ketone group converts a sugar into sugar alcohol. Ascorbic acid or vitamin C is sugar acid. Glucouronic acid and iduronic acid are components of chondroitin sulphate, cell wall and gums. AMINO SUGARS (HEXOSAMINES) When -OH group of second carbon converted into -NH then it is called amino sugar. Glucose → Glucosamine They are generally formed by replacement of hydroxyl group at carbon 2 with amino group (-NH ). Glucosamine is the most common amino sugar that occurs in chitin, fungal wall and hyaluronic acid. Galactosamine is used in synthesis of cartilage. Mannosamine is found in mucoprotein. Amino sugars also occur in some antibiotics. Posted Date: 10/9/2012 3:29:21 AM | Location : United States

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