Already have an account? Get multiple benefits of using own account!
Login in your account..!
Remember me
Don't have an account? Create your account in less than a minutes,
Forgot password? how can I recover my password now!
Enter right registered email to receive password!
Q. Investigation of Tricuspid regurgitation by Echo Doppler?
Investigations
ECG in secondary TR shows evidence of right atrial overload and right ventricular hypertrophy with right axis QRS deviation. Chest X-ray shows evidence of right atrial enlargement and right ventricular type of cardiomegaly.
Echo Doppler Evaluation
Echocardiographic examination clarifies the diagnosis, etiology and severity of tricuspid regurgitation. Right atrial and ventricular dilatation depend upon severity of TR. High pressure TR may be associated with near normal size of RA and RV. Severe organic TR may be present with normal RV systolic pressure. In volume overload of RV, IVS shows a paradoxical motion in late systole while in pressure overload of RV, IVS motion is paradoxical in early systole. Inter atrial septum may be pushed to left side. There is no simple and reliable formula to calculate right ventricular ejection fraction and one has to depend upon suggestive visual impression. Color flow imaging shows the severity of TR and continuous wave Doppler imaging measures the TR jet velocity from which RV-RA systolic pressure gradient is calculated. Addition of estimated RA pressure to this gradient gives right ventricular systolic pressure. The following criteria suggest severe tricuspid regurgitation: A color flow regurgitant jet area > 30 per cent RA area, dense continuous wave Doppler signal annulus dilatation with incomplete leaflet coaptation, increased tricuspid inflow velocity [E-wave >1.0 m/sec], systolic flow reversal in the hepatic vein. Trivial to mild TR may be seen in echocardiogram of up to 65 per cent of normal subjects and these are of no clinical significance.
Name the high-energy complex generated during the conversion of succinyl CoA to succinate in the citric acid cycle GTP or ATP is the high-energy complex generated during th
what is the advantage of being dark skinned?
Contemporary Interests in Nutritional Biochemistry As newer techniques in biochemistry have emerged from time to time, these were of immense help in the understanding of ut
Realization of P-D Polarity of Limb Realization of P-D polarity of limb expressed in a specified proximo-distal sequence of differentiation of limb pans is controlled through
Q. What is the organ that releases the female gamete under formation? How is this release triggered? What is the organ that collects the released gametes? The organ that libera
Explain Classification Based on Digestive Fate of Carbohydrates? The digestive fate of carbohydrates depends on their inherent chemical nature (monosaccharide composition and t
The initial evaluation of new onset heart failure should include an electrocardiogram, chest radiograph, and B-type natriuretic peptide assay. The cardiac rhythm may be normal sinu
Explain the term Ferns? Ferns are plants that have vessels that conduct water, minerals, and nutrients, and reproduce through spores, rather than seeds. Ferns are therefore o
Amount of intracellular chloride ions in neuron A Neuron A is a healthy neuron with all the usual ion channels. When at rest with a membrane voltage of R millivolts, neuron A
What is shunts in Congenital Heart Surgery? Shunts : Blalock Shunts are connections between systemic arteries such as a subclavian arteiy with its respective pulmonary arteiy
Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!
whatsapp: +1-415-670-9521
Phone: +1-415-670-9521
Email: [email protected]
All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd