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A Relation Schema represented by R(A1, A2, ..., An) is made up of the relation name the list of attributes and R Ai that it contains. A relation is described as a set of tuples. Let r be the relation which have set tuples (t1, t2, t3, ..., tn). Each tuple is an ordered list of n-values t=(v1,v2, ..., vn).
The purpose of the relational model is to give a declarative function for specifying queries and data: users directly state what information the database have and what information they want from it, and let the database management system software take care of explain data structures for retrieval procedures and storing the data for answering queries.
Complexity : A distributed DBMS that is available, reliable, and secure is inherently more difficult than a centralised DBMS. Though, adequate data replication is essential to have
Whta is the advantage of the database management approach? The advantage of the database management approach is data is integrated and can be accessed by multiple programs.
Which operation is used if we are interested in only certain columns of a table? PROJECTION operation is used if we are interested in only certain columns of a table.
how to implement mid square hashing?
sql is relationally complete-justify
Load sample data into the database tables design and test queries to return the following information • All rows and columns for employees • All rows and columns for customers •
Fourth Normal Form (4NF) When attributes in a relation have multi-valued dependency, further Normalization to 4NF and 5NF are needed. Let us first find out what multi-valued d
What is the use of group by clause? Group by clause is used to apply aggregate functions to a set of tuples. The attributes given in the group by clause are used to
What is Relational calculus? Relational calculus is a Non- Procedural language.
Describe the iterative and incremental life cycle For an iterative and incremental life cycle, two criteria are process and time. The main components of showing a project devel
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