Consequences of diarrhoea, Biology

Assignment Help:

All of us must have suffered from diarrhoea at least once in our lifetime. How do you feel thereafter? Well most of us must have experienced weakness, dizziness, dryness of mouth and anorexia. Our skin also becomes dry and loose. During diarrhoea the stools are loose and have high water content - an indicator that water is being lost in higher than normal amounts. The stools also contain a high amount of: electrolytes due to enhanced peristaltic movements i.e. increased movements of the stomach and inteslines. This results in the deficiency of water and electrolytes in the body which is referred to as dehydration. Dehydration results in reduction in the extracellular blood volume and hence a reduction in the total blood volume which is often referred to as hypovolemia. Low blood volume is associated with hypotension and a low cardiac output. In response to hypotension, the heart tries to compensate by increasing the number of cardiac cycles per minute which is indicated by a high pulse rate. You will often find that during diarrhoea the patients have low blood pressure but usually a higher than normal pulse rate. As the severity of dehydration increases, despite enhanced cardiac? Cycles, adequate amount of blood and nutrients do not reach all body parts/organs. The patient is therefore cold to touch at the extremities. Another complication that may arise if severe dehydration does not receive prompt medical care is ischemic damage to the tissues of various organs due to reduced supply of oxygen and nutrients. Of most significance is damage to the kidneys and brain. Reduced blood volume results in reduced glomerular filtration rate and hence a low urine output. This in turn can 'result in accumulation of toxic waste products in the blood which can be measured by the level of blood urea nitrogen levels. Other associated changes can be observed in the form of azotemia - abnormal high level of urea and creatinine and metabolic acidosis which develop during acute renal failure. Acute renal failure is particularly observed during severe diarrhoea coupled with delayed or absence of adequate fluid management. Another consequence, which we were discussing, involved changes in the nervous system. They can be as mild as dizziness due to less supply of oxygen, glucose and other nutrients to the brain cells or as severe as resulting in coma due to excessive accumulation of nitrogenous waste products and other toxic metabolites in the blood. It would thus be evident that maintenance of adequate blood volume is imperative to prevent dehydration and its consequences some of which call be life threatening.

784_Consequences of Diarrhoea.png

By now, you must have understood the seriousness of diarrhoea and can understand that it is the highest cause of illness and death especially in children.


Related Discussions:- Consequences of diarrhoea

Signs and symptoms diabetic ketoacidosis, Q. Signs and Symptoms diabetic ke...

Q. Signs and Symptoms diabetic ketoacidosis? The following are the signs and symptoms of DKA: 1) Increased heart rate (tachycardia) 2) Low blood pressure 3) Dehydratio

Identify by mean of biochemical tests, The human blood group, related to th...

The human blood group, related to the MN system is controlled by two alleles, S and s. Three distinct phenotypes can be identified by mean of biochemical tests. Among 1000 Britishe

Somatoform disorders, SOMATOFORM DISORDERS: The term 'Neurosis'  was f...

SOMATOFORM DISORDERS: The term 'Neurosis'  was first introduced in 1769 by William Cullen (1710-  1790). Till later part of nineteenth century, anxiety disorders were conspicu

Etiological factors involved in short bowel syndrome, Q. Etiological factor...

Q. Etiological factors involved in short bowel syndrome? The etiological factors involved in this disease are: • Anaemia • Osteoporosis • Stone formation • Decrease

Explain about vitamin E, Vitamin E (DL-α-Tocopherol) DL-α-Tocopherol is...

Vitamin E (DL-α-Tocopherol) DL-α-Tocopherol is a yellow to red-brown,  clear, viscous oil almost without odour which decolourise when exposed to light and air. DL-α-Tocopherol

Explain environmental factors influencing food production, Explain Environm...

Explain Environmental Factors influencing food production? You probably know that no agricultural region has a constant climate throughout the year. This is true even in the tr

RDA.., formulation of RDA

formulation of RDA

Explain some characteristic features of mucor, Explain some Characteristic ...

Explain some Characteristic Features of Mucor? 1. Stolons characteristics of Rhizopus are absent in Mucor. The aerial mycelium in Mucor consists of branched hyphae, which grow

Temperate deciduous forest - ecosystem, Temperate deciduous forest - Ecosys...

Temperate deciduous forest - Ecosystem The temperate forests are characterised by a moderate climate and broad-leafed deciduous trees, which shed their leaves in fall, are bar

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd