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1. If the primary transcript of a eukaryotic gene has 3 exons: exon 1| intron 1 | exon 2| intron 2 | exon 3a. What would the mature mRNA look like if all intron splice sites were functional?b. What would the mature mRNA look like if the 5' splice site of intron 1 was blocked?c. What effect would such a mutation likely have on the protein translated from the mRNA?d. What does the branch point nucleotide normally do during splicing?e. What additional processing must these transcripts undergo besides splicing before they are exported from the nucleus?
2. Why does the RNA polymerase complex in eukaryotes contain a histone acetylase?
3. What is the function of the 5'cap in eukaryotic mRNA?
4. Why is the genetic code degenerate?
5. In translation, the first AUG codon of a eukaryotic mRNA transcript is mutated by replacing the A with a C.a. How does this affect the primary structure of the synthesized polypeptide?b. In a frame shift mutation, one base is either added or deleted. How does this mutation change the function of the protein produced?c. Why is a mutation in the third position of a codon often called a silent mutation?
6. Briefly, explain how the ribosome can distinguish the initiating AUG codon from the AUG codons that specify a polypeptide's internal Met residues in prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
7. What is the minimum number of tRNAs required to recognize all the codons for Threonine? Give the anticodon sequences of this tRNA and indicate which codon(s) each one recognizes.
Sometimes when a person is experiencing a heart attack they feel a sharp pain in their left arm. Their arm is not actually hurt, so explain how the wires get crossed and mind perceives pain in wrong place.
What is the difference between primary and secondary conjugation? What are the costs and benefits of conjugation for individual sperm cells? List two of each.
Suppose when increasing magnification from high dry to oil immersion, should the iris diaphragm be open or closed? How is this done?
Horace Jones had a colonoscopy shortly after his 50th birthday, and the gastroenterologist noticed an unusual mass of tissue in the region of the sigmoid colon.
what proportion of progeny will be phenotypically identical to the female parent?
Alyssa was an atmospheric scientist concerned that the earth's climate may be warming due to excessive carbon dioxide accumulation. She was exploring ways to reduce carbon dioxide levels by stimulating the growth of algae and other organisms.
The membranous vesicle of a submitochondrial particle after removal of the F1 spheres would be able to (1) oxidize NADH; (2) produce H2O from O2; (3) generate a proton gradient; (4) phosphorylate ADP.
Why is the trachea reinforced with cartilaginous rings? what's is asthma? two functions of the nasal cavity mucosa.
What type of electrode would they need to use (express material and design)? Provide a simplified schematic (circuit model of the electrode) described in the notes. Also discuss at least two benefits of an exoskeleton as well as how arthropod grows ..
A purified BamHI-cut DNA fragment is end-labeled (i.e. only the terminal 5' phosphate from each strand is labelled) and partially digested with the enzyme DpnI. The reaction conditions were such that each DNA molecule, if cut at all, is cut only o..
What is the primary function of ATP in muscle cell contraction.
How long would the channels need to stay open in order to raise the cytosolic Ca++ concentration from 100 nM to 4 microMoles?
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