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After the genomes of multiple Homo neanderthalensis individuals were sequenced, it became clear that this species diverged from the Homo sapiens lineage about 540,000 years ago. The two species evolved separately until about 40,000 years ago when they encountered one another again in the region that would become Europe. The Neantherthals became extinct around 30,000 years ago. Please answer the following questions about genomes and genes for these species. 2A. The single nucleotide mutation rate in both species is about 1 per 109 base pair per year. With a genome size of 3 billion base pairs, how many fixed single nucleotide differences would you expect to see between the two genomes when the two species first encountered each other? Explain your calculations. 2B. In the genomes of modern Europeans, remnants of the Neanderthal genome now can be identified (i.e. many Neanderthal- specific mutations can be seen in the human genomes). How can we be sure this is "Neanderthal DNA" in the human genome and not just a bunch of mutations that occurred independently at different times in the human lineage? 2C. Why are there no remnants of the Neandertal Y-chromosome in the modern human population?
This is a kitchen activity and needs the use of a blender or you can boilthe cabbage instead, red cabbage and assorted foods and liquids.
q1. study concepts presented in the pull-down menu located in the upper left corner of interactive microscopy. list the
Most flour beetles are black, but several color variants are known. Crosses of pure-breeding parents created the following results in the F1 generation.
how to use an autoclave machine? During the formation of gametes in humans how many chromosoes are there in each cell at the end of telophase 1?
What are the roles of the cell surface, the cytoskeleton and intercellular signaling in development? Include examples from gastrulation, induction, morphogenesis and axis formation.
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Explain why antibiotics are effective at killing bacterial cells but do not seem to have an impact on human cells (eukaryotic cells). Use at least two examples, such as tetracycline, erythromycin, gentamycin, or chloramphenicol.
A researcher lyses a cell that contains nucleic acid molecules and capsomeres of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV). The cell contents are left in the covered test tube overnight. The next day this mixture is sprayed on tobacco plants. Which would be expecte..
which has the larger amount? If you could explain so that I may better understand the concept, this would be great as well.
The sex of some fishes is determined by the same XY system as inhumans. An allele of one locus on the Y chromosome of the fish Lebistes causes apigmented spot to appear on the dorsal fin.
What phenomenon is responsible for the gene interaction in which one gene can interfere with the expression of another?
q. as animals attained larger and more complex bodies exchanges with environment became more difficult. explain the
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