Oxidized to acetaldehyde by liver alcohol dehydrogenase

Reference no: EM13533599

Ethanol in the body is oxidized to acetaldehyde by liver alcohol dehydrogenase(LADH). Other alcohols are also oxidized by LADH. For example,methanol, which is mildly intoxicating, is oxidized by LADH to thequite toxic product of formaldehyde. The toxic effects of ingestingmethanol (a component of many commercial solvents) can be reducedby administering ethanol. The ethanol acts as a competitiveinhibitor of methanol by displacing it from LADH. This providessufficient time for the methanol to be harmlessly excreted by thekidneys. If an individual has ingested 100 mL of methanol (a lethaldose), how much 100 proof whiskey (50% ethanol by volume) must beimbibed to reduce the activity of his LADH towards methanol to 5%of its original value? The adult human body contains ~40L ofaqueous fluids throughout which ingested alcohols are rapidly anduniformly mixed. The densities of ethanol and methanol are both0.79 g/cm3. Assume the KM values of LADH for ethanol and methanolto be 1.0 X 10-3 M and 1.0 X 10-2 M, respectively, and that Ki = KMfor ethanol.

Reference no: EM13533599

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