Molecular bonding order of pyruvate in the citric acid cycle

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Reference no: EM131125434

1. what is the molecular bonding order of pyruvate in the citric acid cycle

2.Homework problem:-

Map-based gene isolation

Walnut trees bears nuts on terminal branches. The variety ‘Chandler' is exceptional in that it bears nuts also on lateral branches, which greatly increases nut yield per tree. Chandler is therefore a major walnut variety planted all over California. In the effort to identify the causative gene, we crossed‘Chandler'(lateral bearing, L) with the variety ‘Idaho'(terminal bearing, T). The gene was mapped on chromosome 11 between SNP markers "C" and "E" The genome sequence for walnut indicated that the C-E interval contained 6 genes.

To find which gene is the best candidate for the lateral/terminal phenotype, we screen 6,000 progeny sapling trees for those with crossovers in this C-E interval and found 26 such saplings. We transplanted the saplings into a field in Davis and determined the nut bearing phenotype four years later, when the trees reached their bearing age. Below are the SNP genotypes of these 26 trees. The ‘Chandler' SNP alleles are indicated by subscripts "1" and the ‘Idaho' SNP alleles are indicated by subscripts "2".

The lateral bearing phenotype L is completely dominant over the terminal bearing phenotype T.

(a) Indicate by vertical lines the locations of crossovers in the 26 trees.

(b) Based on recombination among the genes and the L or T phenotype, identify the most likely candidate gene for the lateral/terminal phenotype.

SNP genotypes of the genes in the C-E interval Bearing phenotype

Trees

              CMNOP                           QRE     

1.   C2C2M2M2N2N2O1O2P1P2   Q1Q2R1R2E1E2L

2.   C1C1M1M1N1N2O2O2P2P2   Q2Q2R2R2E2E2T

3.   C1C1M1M1N1N2O1O2P2P2   Q2Q2R2R2E2E2L

4.   C1 C2M1M2N1N2O2O2P2P2   Q2Q2R2R2E2E2T

5.   C1C1M1M1N1N1O1O2P1P2   Q1Q2R1R2E1E2L

6.   C2C2M1M2N1N2O1O1P1P1   Q1Q1R1R1E1E1L

7.   C1C1M1M1N1N2O1O2P1P2   Q1Q2R1R2E1E2L

8.   C2C2M2M2N2N1O1O1P1P1   Q1Q1R1R1E1E1L

9.   C1C1M1M1N1N1O1O1P1P2   Q1Q2R1R2E1E2L

10. C1C1M1M1N1N2O1O2P1P2   Q1Q2R1R2E1E2L

11. C1C1M1M2N1N2O1O2P1P2   Q1Q2R1R2E1E2L

12. C1C1M1M1N1N2O1O2P1P2   Q1Q2R1R2E1E2L

13. C1C1M1M2N1N2 O1O2P1P2   Q1Q2R1R2E1E2L

14. C1 C2M1M2N1N1O2O2P2P2   Q2Q2R2R2    E2E2T

15. C1 C2M1M2N1N1O1O2P2P2   Q2Q2R2R2    E2E2L

16. C1C1M1M1N1N1O2O2P2P2   Q2Q2R2R2E1E2T

17. C1 C2M1M2N1N1O1O1P1P1   Q1Q1R1R1    E1E1L

18. C1 C2M1M2N1N2O2O2P1P2Q1Q2R1R2E1E2 T

19. C1C1M1M1N1N1O1O1P1P2   Q1Q2R1R2E1E2L

20. C1 C2M1M1N1N1O1O1P2P2   Q2Q2R2R2E2E2L

21. C1 C2M1M2N1N2O1O2P2P2   Q2Q2R2R2E2E2L

22. C1C1M1M2N1N2O2O2P1P2   Q1Q2R1R2E1E2T

23. C2C2M2M2N1N2O1O1P1P1   Q1Q1R1R1E1E1L

24. C2C1M2M2N2N2O2O2P1P2   Q1Q2R1R2E1E2T

25. C1C1M1M1N1N2O1O2P1P2   Q1Q2R1R2E1E2L

26. C2C2M2M2N1N21O2P2P2   Q2Q2R2R2E1E2L

Reference no: EM131125434

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