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The three most prominent bond rating agencies are Standard & Poor's, Moody's and Fitch (Investopedia.com, 2014). Ratings mean the difference between higher and lower cost financing. Corporations can achieve a lower cost of financing when their bonds are rated highly and a higher cost of financing when their bonds are low rated (Madura, 2013). When ratings fall the valuation of a bond is lowered because their ability to pay is lowered, or rather, the bond is more risky, according to Jeff Madura in Financial Markets and Institutions. An economic event that caused ratings to change was the credit crisis of 2008. Rating agencies were slow to downgrade ratings which led to default and the creation of the Office of Credit Ratings, which is housed within the Securities and Exchange Commission (Madura, 2013). The change in ratings occurred because the ability of the issuer to repay their debt changed (Madura, 2013).
Frank owns 100% of the stock of Sands, Inc. (a C corporation). In a tax year, Sands, Inc. has income before tax = $1,500,000. This is after Sands paid Frank a salary = $350,000. Sands, Inc. also paid dividends = $100,000. Sands is Frank's only sou..
Your company is thinking about acquiring another corporation. You have two choices—the cost of each choice is $250,000. You cannot spend more than that, so acquiring both corporations is not an option. The following are your critical data:
Complete the financial reporting for each period
Describe the maximum gain when a bear spread is created from the calls Describe the maximum loss when a bear spread is created from the calls
What are bond ratings and How do they impact bond valuation - who are the bond ratings agencies and what do the ratings mean? When ratings fall what happens to the valuation of a bond and why?
How much Tier 1 and Tiear 2 capital is required? How does this compare with the capital required under the Basel II standardized approach and under Basel I?
The Wolf company is examining two capital-budgeting projects with 5-year lives. The first, project A, is a replacement project; the second, project B, is a project unrelated to current operations.
Review the readings and media for this unit, including the Anthony's Orchard case study media. Familiarise yourself with the Anthony's Orchard company and its current situation.
Estimate the Residual Value and perform the corresponding firm valuation.
Prepare a statement of revenues and expenses and a statement of changes in net assets for Wise Owls for 20X1.
Define monetary policy, and discuss the operation of monetary policy in the United States post-GFC.
Using the information above together with the two following scenarios calculate the impact of the debt and equity financing alternatives if weather is good which will increase attendances and increase EBIT to $600,000
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