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1) the dual origin of the gonad in vertebrates refer to:a. the contribution of the sperm and eggb.potential to differentiate into ovary or testesc. the contributions from somatic cells and germ line cellsd. all of the abovee. a and c only2)for speacies with 14 chromosomes in each somatic cell which ofthe following are accurate statements?a.the species is diploid with 7 paired chromosomesb. the species has 14 different chromosomesc.each gamete would have 7 pairs of chromosomesd.all of the abovee. b and c only3)recessive alleles ina population at hardy-weinbergequilibriuma.are insignificantb.remain stable indefinitelyc.are constantly selected againstd.are on a steady increasee. are on a steady decrease4)ichthyosaur was an aquatic dinosaur. Fossils show us that it hada dorsal fin and a tail just as fish do, even though closestrelatives were terrestrial reptiles that had neither dorsal finsnor aquatic tails. The similarities between the dorsal fins andtails of ichthyosaur and fish are best described as:a.homologous and divergentb.analogous and convergentc.adaptations to a similar environmentd.both a and c are correcte. both b and c are correct5) how does the sexual life cycle increase the genetic variation ina species?a. by producing gametes with different combinations of the parentalchromosomesb.by integrating sperm and eggs from diff individualsc.by crossing over between homologous maternal and paternalchromosomesd. all of the abovee. a and c only6)at which phase of meiosos do the daughter cells becomegenetically distinct from one another and haploid?a.at the completion of meiosis II with the formation of thegametesb. following the completion of metaphase I in meiosis Ic.at the completion of the final mitosis and cytokinesis thatpreceded meisis Id. following the completion of cytokiniesis that marks the end ofmeiosis Ie. at the completion of S phase that preceded meiosis II7)which biogeochemical cycle provides the best means for followingthe flow of energy through an ecosystem?a. nitrogen cycleb. oxygen cyclec. carbon cycled. water cycle8)approximate how much energy would be available to a wolf thatpreys upon rabbits if 1,000,000 kcal/square acre is the grossproductivity at the producer level.a.100,000 kcal/square acreb.10,000 kcalc.1,000 kcald.100 kcal9)a symbiotic interaction in which the impact on both species isnegative:a. predationb.mutualismc.parasitismd.commensalisme.competition10)which of the following terms has the least in common with theothers?a.autotrophb.herbivorec.producerd.photosynthetic capacity11)which of the following correctly describes the pattern ofextinction followed in marine environments over the past 250million yrs?a. a constant, uninterrupted rateb.a steady rate interrupted at the end of the mesozoic era by amass extinctionc.a randomly fluctuating extinction rate that does not imply massextinctiond. steady rate interrupted periodically by mass extinctions12)recent evolutionary theory places an incresed importance on theprocess of gene duplication.which of the following is not trueregarding gene duplications?a.they often occur as accidents during meiosis, in association witha process called crossing overb.they are responsible for prodicing gene familiesc.they are an exception to the adage that genetic variation isgenerated unconsciouslyd.they represent an example of a cytogenetic change13)the formation of a land bridge between north and south americaabout three million yrs ago resulted in which of the following?a.sympatry of marine populations that were previouslyallopatricb.allopatry of marine populatioin that were previouslysympatricc.allopatry of terrestrial populations that were previouslysympatricd.all of the abovee.a and c onlyUsing stephen J. Goulds 3 evolutionary time tiers, indicate themost appropriate time tier for the following terms: a) tier 1; b)tier 2; c) tier 3; d) not applicable14.____Genetic Drift15.____Punctuated equilibrium16.____Species Selection17.Part A -in a population that is at hardy-weinberg equilibrium,the frequency of the allele A is 0.3; what is the frquency of asmall a?Part B- construct a punnett square showing the expected allelicfrequencies for A and aPart C-what is the percentage of the population that is homozygousfor allele a?Part D-what is the percentage of the population that isheterozygous for this allele?Part E-how would an evolutionary biologist determine whether thispopulation is evolving?
If the sheep population in Tasmaania went from 30,000 in 1820 to 1,900,000 in 1850, what was this population's annual r value during this period?
What is the current taxonomic scheme for the diversity of life? Name and give the defining features of the 3 domains and 6 Kingdoms. Why is this the most widely accepted classification?
It is a great day at the lab. You have identified an E. coli F- strain that cannot grow without biotin (bio-). Unfortunately, the next day a rivaling postdoc "accidently" mixed your strain with another strain ‘X' that cannot grow without arginine ..
How do bacteria eat? How is their eating style similar to what we see in mammals? How is mammalian digestion more efficient than the type of digestion seen in bacteria?
q1. oxaloacetate uniformly labeled with 14c equal amounts of 14c in each of its carbon atoms is condensed with
Discuss why do you need to have a smaller sample volume for river water and raw sewage compared to drinking water to do the coliform bacteria test?
The membranous vesicle of a submitochondrial particle after removal of the F1 spheres would be able to (1) oxidize NADH; (2) produce H2O from O2; (3) generate a proton gradient; (4) phosphorylate ADP.
describe the role of the complement system in innate immunity. students will extensively examine the three pathways
Discuss the importance of changes in chromatin structure to regulation of transcription in eukaryotes. (Six sentences)
The mediam molecular weight of eukaryotic proteins is about 40,000 daltons. A few proteins are much larger, such as a muscle cell protein called titin, which has a molecular weight of 3,000,000 daltons.
Describe the process of muscle contraction. Includea description of the sarcomere structure and what happens to itduring muscle contraction and relaxation. Also describe howthe process is regulated, including the roles of ATP andCa2+. Be sure to i..
Turgor pressure builds up in a plant cell placed in a hypotonic environment. Why doesn't the plant cell burst like a red blood cell would?
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