A wave is a disturbance which transfers power and momentum from one place to the other without the transport of matter.
(1) Necessary properties of the medium for wave propagation :
(i) Elasticity : So that particles can return to their mean position, after having been disturbed.
(ii) Inertia : So that molecules can save energy and overshoot their mean position.
(iii) Minimum friction amongst the particles of the medium.
(iv) Uniform density of the medium.
(2) Characteristics of wave motion :
(i) It is a sort of disturbance which goes through a medium.
(ii) Material phase is necessary for the propagation of mechanical waves.
(iii) When a wave motion passes through a phase, molecules of the phase only vibrate simple harmonically about their mean point. They do remove their position and move with the disturbance.
(iv) There is a continuous phase difference amongst successive particles of the phase.
(v) The speed of the particle in the mean while their vibration is different at different position.
(vi) The velocity of wave motion through a particular medium is fixed. It relays only on the nature of medium not on the intensity, wavelength or frequency.
(vii) Energy is transferred along with the wave motion without any net transport of the medium.
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