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Oersted found that a magnetic field is established around a current carrying conductor.
Magnetic field found as long as there is current in the wire.
The direction of magnetic field was found to be changed when direction of current was reversed.
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Biot-Savart's principle is used to calculate the magnetic field at any point due to current carrying conductors.
This law is although for infinitesimally small conductors yet it can be used for long conductors. In order to study the Biot-Savart's principle, we need to understand the term current-element.
Current element
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It is the multiplication of length and current of infinitesimal segment of current carrying wire.
The current element is taken as a vector value. Its direction is similar as the direction of current.
Current element 
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In the figure shown below, there is a segment of current carrying wire and P is a point where magnetic field is to be calculated. is a current element and r is the distance of the point 'P' with respect to the current element . According to Biot-Savart Law, magnetic field at point 'P' due to the current element is given by the expression,
where = Absolute permeability of air or vacuum = 
It's other units are Henery/meter or N/Amp2.
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