Frame Format:

MSB (Most Significant Bit) is always transmitted first - as opposed to Ethernet

SD=Starting Delimiter(1 octet) AC=Access Control(1 octet)

FC = Frame Control (1 Octet)

DA = Destination Address (2 or 6 Octets)

SA = Source Address (2 or 6 Octets)

DATA = Information 0 or more octets up to 4027

CRC = Checksum(4 Octets)

ED = Ending Delimiter (1 Octet)

FS=Frame Status

Starting Delimiter Format:

J = Code Violation

K = Code Violation

Access Control Format:

T=Token

T = "0" for Token, T = "1" for Frame.

When a station with a Frame to transmit find a token which has a priority equal to or < than the Frame to be transmitted, it might change the token to a start-of-frame sequence and transmit the Frame.

P = Priority

 Priority Bits indicate tokens priority, and hence, which stations are allowed to use it. Station be able to transmit if its priority as at least as high as that of the token.

M = Monitor

The monitor bit is used to prevent a token whose priority is greater than 0 or any frame from continuously circulating on the ring. if an active monitor found a frame or a high priority token with the monitor bit  equal to one, the frame or token is cancelled. This  bit  shall be transmitted as 0 in all frame and tokens. The active monitor inspects and make some changes in this bit. All other stations may be repeat this bit as received.

R = Reserved bits the reserved bits allow station with high priority Frames to request that the next token be issued at the requested priority

Frame Control Format:

FF= Type of Packet-Regular data packet or MAC layer packet

Control Bits= Used if the packet is for MAC layer protocol itself

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