Five - way handshake

We are supposed to tell the sender that the person who starts the connection should authenticate himself 1st. So we look at another protocol. At this time we are using a five-way handshake but it is secure. When we join the messages, then we are changing the order of authentication which is leading to troubles. Basically KAB(RB) should be sent before KAB(RA). If we have a node C in the middle, then C could pose as B and talk to A. So C could do replay attack by sending messages which it had started some time ago.

A                                 B

1. A------------------>

2.                               <-----------------R_B

3. K_AB(R_B)---------->

4. R_A---------------->

5.                               <----------K_AB(R_A)

Fig: five-way handshake in Challenge-Response Protocol

On starting a connection B challenges A by sending it a arbitrary number RB  and expects  an encrypted  reply using  the  pre-decided key KAB.  As soon as A sends  back KAB(RB) then B sure  that it is talking to the right A, since only A knows the shared key. Now A challenges B by sending it a arbitrary number RA, and expects an encrypted reply using the pre-decided key KAB.  When B sends back KAB(RA), A becomes certain that it is talking to the correct B, As only B have the info. About the shared key.

On the other hand in this case also, if we have a node C in the center, then C can pose as B and talk to A. So C could do replay attack by sending messages which it had stored some time ago.

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